Proceedings

Programme

Speakers

List of participants

Exhibition

Social Programme 

Practical Information


Keynote Speech:
The Management of Strategic Dilemmas

Dr Fons TROMPENAARS

Managing Director, Centre for International Business Studies

I.                  Preamble

We increasingly face an international world.  We used to advocate becoming international whilst being sensitive to international differences – when in Rome, do as the Romans do – until we realised that the Romans wondered why Dutch people did not behave like Dutch people.  The era of expatriation and adaptation to local circumstances has passed.  We have now swung the other way, to globalisation, which is about doing the same everywhere.  The thinking was: provided everyone understands that, the world will be okay.  MBA education, mediocrity and arrogance followed: ‘how can we make the world stop thinking and just apply the basic themes across the world?’  That has not worked either. 

Hence, neither local adaptation nor global application has worked.  We now consider those challenges ‘dilemmas’.  How can we manage and lead those dilemmas?  The main difference between leaders and managers is that leaders realise they have dilemmas while managers just think they have a problem. 

II.               A Three-step Model of Dilemmas
1.                  Approach

I will use a model of dilemmas to stimulate thought on dilemmas and how they are caused.  Most dilemmas are value dilemmas caused by cultural differences – that is how dilemmas and understanding of cultural differences interact.  I will propose a three-step...

The rest of the text is available by entering your password on the previous page (proceedings)